![]() ![]() Separate stories that later turned into a unified story. The twelve Labours of Hercules Labours were Hercules - the most famous hero in Greek mythology- missions, to atone for his sin (murder his wife and children), that he has been successfully accomplished. In these references, some theories of Greimas are summarized, of course, the work which directly studied narrative structure of this narration has not reached result and the present article is new from this viewpoint. These references majorly pay attention to generality of narration and structuralism. A readers Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory in this work, different narratological theories have been explained (refer to: Selden and Widdowson, 2005: 143). Literary Theory in this book, narralogists and their theories are studied (refer to: Eagleton, 2004: most pages).Ħ. Literary Theory the Basics in this book, different narratological theories have been explained (refer to: Bertens, 2005: 69).ĥ. Narration theories in this book, narralogists and their theories are studied (refer to: Martin, 2007: most pages).Ĥ. Of course, Greimas’ theory has been summarized (refer to: Toolan, 2007: most pages).ģ. Narratology: a linguistic –critical introduction in this work, different narratological theories have been explained. The Grammar of Story in this book, good points have been mentioned about narration and grammar of story and Greimas’ theory has been also included in this work (refer to: Okhovvat, 1992: most of the pages)Ģ. Literature ReviewĪlthough much has been written about Labours of Hercules analysis, as well as books and articles are provided on the theory of Greimas, However, we have not any book and article on analyzing the story of Hercules from the perspective of Greimas, and the following books, only mentioned to the general discussion of narrative and we can find the description of the theory of Greimas in these books.ġ. All of these investigations –along with an analysis of Labours of Hercules– are divided into distinct categories and distinguished based on Greimas’ theory. ![]() All the investigations were done by conducting desk and library research as well as by analyzing and classifying investigations. The author has used a descriptive-analytical methodology in this study. It is necessary to note that this type of new attitude to traditional work will receive new cases and study literature systematically and methodologically and helps recognize new theories and its application in traditional and contemporary literature. In this paper, the goal is not to study elements of the story but study its narrative structure as Greimas’ theory. To study structure of this story, different forms and methods can be applied that is formative elements of story can be studied from different perspectives the elements such as character, narrator, action, ethical results, extraordinary events, classification of stories characters, narrators, actantial and non- actantial stories, mentioning the most important ethical results, referring to leitmotifs of stories and specifying time and space coordinates are among these classes. Therefore it is proved based on Greimas’ theory that Labours of Hercules has fixed design and pattern and systematic narrative structure. contractual, the performative and the disjunctive and as shown, these sequences are available in the discussed story. Of other issues of Greimas which have been studied in this story are three narrative sequences i.e. As we see, Hercules is Receiver and Subject. Sender and receiver are common in labours of Hercules Eurystheus is Sender and Receiver. Hera, Nessus, creatures and agents in Labours decide to fight against Hercules and defeat him. Hercules is helped by Thespius, Athena, Iolaus, Artemis, Atlas, Zeus, Hermes etc. Senders are Eurystheus and oracle Pythoness. In this narration, Hercules is subject and the goals are expiation, atone and immortalize. By studying this story from the viewpoint of Greimas, we find valuable points. He also introduced three separate sequences in narration which were known as contractual, the performative and the disjunctive. Greimas is one of the narratologists who modified Propp’s theory about seven scops of fictional actions and mentioned new attitude for studying structure of narration by mentioning six actants (Object/subject sender/receiver helper/ Opposer). Features of story have been explained and then narration and narratology has been studied. ![]() In this research, Labours of Hercules has been studied from the viewpoint of Greimas. ![]()
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